年龄/岁 | L | S | Mean-2SD | Mean-SD | Mean | Mean+SD | Mean+2SD |
3 | -0.251 | 0.073 | 0.342 | 0.367 | 0.395 | 0.425 | 0.458 |
4 | -0.251 | 0.074 | 0.364 | 0.391 | 0.421 | 0.454 | 0.490 |
5 | -0.251 | 0.076 | 0.399 | 0.429 | 0.463 | 0.500 | 0.541 |
6 | -0.251 | 0.078 | 0.433 | 0.468 | 0.505 | 0.547 | 0.592 |
7 | -0.251 | 0.080 | 0.476 | 0.515 | 0.557 | 0.604 | 0.655 |
8 | -0.251 | 0.082 | 0.508 | 0.550 | 0.596 | 0.648 | 0.705 |
9 | -0.251 | 0.084 | 0.532 | 0.577 | 0.627 | 0.682 | 0.743 |
10 | -0.251 | 0.085 | 0.555 | 0.603 | 0.656 | 0.715 | 0.781 |
11 | -0.251 | 0.087 | 0.579 | 0.630 | 0.687 | 0.751 | 0.821 |
12 | -0.251 | 0.089 | 0.609 | 0.664 | 0.725 | 0.793 | 0.870 |
13 | -0.251 | 0.091 | 0.645 | 0.704 | 0.771 | 0.845 | 0.928 |
14 | -0.251 | 0.093 | 0.683 | 0.747 | 0.818 | 0.899 | 0.989 |
15 | -0.251 | 0.095 | 0.713 | 0.782 | 0.858 | 0.944 | 1.042 |
16 | -0.251 | 0.096 | 0.738 | 0.810 | 0.891 | 0.983 | 1.086 |
17 | -0.251 | 0.098 | 0.765 | 0.841 | 0.927 | 1.024 | 1.134 |
18 | -0.251 | 0.100 | 0.781 | 0.860 | 0.949 | 1.050 | 1.165 |
身高/cm | L | S | Mean-2SD | Mean-SD | Mean | Mean+SD | Mean+2SD |
95 | -1.272 | 0.045 | 0.343 | 0.358 | 0.374 | 0.392 | 0.412 |
100 | -1.272 | 0.050 | 0.360 | 0.377 | 0.395 | 0.416 | 0.439 |
105 | -1.272 | 0.054 | 0.380 | 0.399 | 0.420 | 0.444 | 0.472 |
110 | -1.272 | 0.059 | 0.403 | 0.424 | 0.449 | 0.477 | 0.510 |
115 | -1.272 | 0.064 | 0.429 | 0.454 | 0.483 | 0.516 | 0.554 |
120 | -1.272 | 0.068 | 0.458 | 0.486 | 0.519 | 0.558 | 0.603 |
125 | -1.272 | 0.072 | 0.486 | 0.518 | 0.555 | 0.599 | 0.651 |
130 | -1.272 | 0.076 | 0.512 | 0.547 | 0.588 | 0.637 | 0.696 |
135 | -1.272 | 0.079 | 0.537 | 0.575 | 0.620 | 0.674 | 0.739 |
140 | -1.272 | 0.082 | 0.560 | 0.601 | 0.649 | 0.708 | 0.780 |
145 | -1.272 | 0.085 | 0.581 | 0.624 | 0.677 | 0.740 | 0.819 |
150 | -1.272 | 0.087 | 0.604 | 0.651 | 0.708 | 0.776 | 0.862 |
155 | -1.272 | 0.090 | 0.634 | 0.684 | 0.745 | 0.820 | 0.915 |
160 | -1.272 | 0.093 | 0.667 | 0.722 | 0.788 | 0.870 | 0.974 |
165 | -1.272 | 0.095 | 0.701 | 0.760 | 0.831 | 0.919 | 1.032 |
170 | -1.272 | 0.097 | 0.733 | 0.795 | 0.871 | 0.965 | 1.087 |
175 | -1.272 | 0.098 | 0.762 | 0.827 | 0.908 | 1.008 | 1.138 |
180 | -1.272 | 0.100 | 0.790 | 0.859 | 0.943 | 1.049 | 1.187 |
185 | -1.272 | 0.101 | 0.818 | 0.890 | 0.979 | 1.091 | 1.236 |
190 | -1.272 | 0.102 | 0.847 | 0.922 | 1.015 | 1.133 | 1.286 |
195 | -1.272 | 0.103 | 0.876 | 0.955 | 1.052 | 1.175 | 1.337 |
年龄/岁 | L | S | Mean-2SD | Mean-SD | Mean | Mean+SD | Mean+2SD |
3 | -0.480 | 0.061 | 0.342 | 0.363 | 0.385 | 0.409 | 0.436 |
4 | -0.417 | 0.064 | 0.358 | 0.381 | 0.406 | 0.433 | 0.463 |
5 | -0.293 | 0.070 | 0.391 | 0.419 | 0.449 | 0.482 | 0.518 |
6 | -0.166 | 0.076 | 0.423 | 0.456 | 0.491 | 0.531 | 0.573 |
7 | -0.035 | 0.082 | 0.455 | 0.493 | 0.535 | 0.581 | 0.630 |
8 | 0.092 | 0.087 | 0.482 | 0.527 | 0.575 | 0.626 | 0.682 |
9 | 0.205 | 0.091 | 0.508 | 0.558 | 0.612 | 0.670 | 0.733 |
10 | 0.294 | 0.094 | 0.537 | 0.592 | 0.652 | 0.715 | 0.783 |
11 | 0.358 | 0.095 | 0.573 | 0.633 | 0.696 | 0.764 | 0.836 |
12 | 0.388 | 0.092 | 0.613 | 0.676 | 0.743 | 0.813 | 0.887 |
13 | 0.375 | 0.088 | 0.651 | 0.714 | 0.781 | 0.852 | 0.927 |
14 | 0.314 | 0.084 | 0.680 | 0.742 | 0.807 | 0.877 | 0.950 |
15 | 0.208 | 0.080 | 0.699 | 0.759 | 0.823 | 0.891 | 0.963 |
16 | 0.071 | 0.078 | 0.714 | 0.772 | 0.835 | 0.902 | 0.975 |
17 | -0.087 | 0.077 | 0.725 | 0.783 | 0.845 | 0.913 | 0.987 |
18 | -0.257 | 0.076 | 0.732 | 0.788 | 0.850 | 0.918 | 0.993 |
身高/cm | L | S | Mean-2SD | Mean-SD | Mean | Mean+SD | Mean+2SD |
95 | -0.926 | 0.047 | 0.339 | 0.354 | 0.371 | 0.389 | 0.409 |
100 | -1.168 | 0.050 | 0.355 | 0.371 | 0.390 | 0.411 | 0.434 |
105 | -1.413 | 0.054 | 0.376 | 0.395 | 0.416 | 0.439 | 0.467 |
110 | -1.665 | 0.058 | 0.398 | 0.419 | 0.443 | 0.471 | 0.504 |
115 | -1.871 | 0.064 | 0.423 | 0.446 | 0.474 | 0.508 | 0.550 |
120 | -1.980 | 0.072 | 0.449 | 0.476 | 0.509 | 0.550 | 0.603 |
125 | -2.008 | 0.078 | 0.477 | 0.508 | 0.546 | 0.595 | 0.659 |
130 | -1.950 | 0.083 | 0.501 | 0.536 | 0.579 | 0.634 | 0.708 |
135 | -1.776 | 0.088 | 0.521 | 0.560 | 0.607 | 0.668 | 0.750 |
140 | -1.499 | 0.093 | 0.545 | 0.589 | 0.642 | 0.710 | 0.798 |
145 | -1.146 | 0.096 | 0.580 | 0.630 | 0.690 | 0.763 | 0.856 |
150 | -0.764 | 0.095 | 0.626 | 0.682 | 0.747 | 0.824 | 0.916 |
155 | -0.417 | 0.089 | 0.668 | 0.727 | 0.793 | 0.869 | 0.954 |
160 | -0.159 | 0.083 | 0.698 | 0.756 | 0.821 | 0.892 | 0.970 |
165 | -0.004 | 0.078 | 0.721 | 0.779 | 0.843 | 0.912 | 0.986 |
170 | 0.096 | 0.077 | 0.741 | 0.800 | 0.864 | 0.933 | 1.007 |
175 | 0.187 | 0.076 | 0.760 | 0.822 | 0.887 | 0.956 | 1.030 |
180 | 0.281 | 0.075 | 0.781 | 0.844 | 0.910 | 0.980 | 1.054 |
【1】增加运动量,如跑步、跳舞、跳绳、打球,每周运动3~5次,每次运动半小时。
【2】日常膳食中多吃富含钙的食物,如牛奶、鱼、虾、瘦肉。
【3】同时应尽量避免摄入含糖量高和含碳酸的饮料,如可乐、汽水,这些饮料不利于骨骼对钙的吸收。
【4】每天晒15~30分钟的太阳,阳光中的紫外线能促进皮肤生成维生素D3。活性维生素D可促进肠道对钙、磷吸收,促进骨的形成。
到正规儿童医院进行专科检查,在医生指导下进行治疗。
健康生活方式有助于保持骨健康。
年轻时,尤其是在35岁之前,骨质还处于储存和增长的过程。在骨骼发育期间,需要保证有足够的钙摄入,均衡膳食,并积极参加运动,晒日光浴,从而改善骨骼的营养状况,提高骨量峰值。
【1】均衡膳食:适量摄入富含钙的食物,如牛奶、鱼、虾、瘦肉,适量摄入富含维生素C的蔬菜水果。
【2】适当运动:如跑步、跳舞、跳绳、篮球、足球、羽毛球等运动,每周运动3~5次,每次运动半小时。同时,每天在阳光下进行15分钟的户外活动。
【3】良好的生活习惯:不吸烟、不饮酒,避免摄入含糖量高和含碳酸的饮料,如可乐、汽水。